Jianling Fm

The type section is at Jianling 3 km east of Honghua in Sanya, Hainan Island. The Jianling Fm was named by Hainan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources in 1976, and was quoted by Xu Hankui and Su Yibao (1979). The Jianling Fm was separated from the previously defined Middle-Upper Devonian Shanpo Gr. Xu and Su (1979) included its upper part in the Gangoucun Fm. Liu Lu (1979) described the bivalves; Li Jijin (1982) described the graptolite; Ge Meiyu et al. (1983) reported the type section, and Zeng Qingluan et al. (1993) divided the Jianling Fm into two parts.

Synonym: (尖岭组）

It is composed of gray, grayish brown shale, medium- to fine-grained sandstone intercalated with pebbly beds. In the type area, the Jianling Fm is 976 m thick.

The lower part (621 m thick) yields graptolites Normalograptus brevis, Glyptograptus euglyphus, Nemagraptus sp., trilobite Birmanites cf. hupeiensis and brachiopods Zanclorhycha sp., Protozyga nasuta; the upper part (346 m thick) contains brachiopods Mimella, Sowerbyella, bivalves Paraphtonia, Tancrediois, nautiloids Michelinoceras sp., Westonoceras sp., Eurasiaticoceras sp., and trilobites Ampyxinella sp., Remopleurides sp.